21:I[768050,["/_next/static/chunks/1q6lxqcj_waaq.js","/_next/static/chunks/253atym4pffpy.js","/_next/static/chunks/3f51dtfqg2ppu.js","/_next/static/chunks/1yo5uxjvjyrkl.js","/_next/static/chunks/0cc9asozgwxd9.js","/_next/static/chunks/0oe4jqg-7e8qu.js","/_next/static/chunks/131l51u7ab3o1.js","/_next/static/chunks/0018hduy69oa0.js","/_next/static/chunks/3wrhe-la7uv11.js","/_next/static/chunks/3q2l8k37nq2ze.js","/_next/static/chunks/361af9u-xs-fc.js","/_next/static/chunks/2mkcvkqg-yawb.js","/_next/static/chunks/1tet6dqxe-aht.js","/_next/static/chunks/3g1698ku69s2j.js","/_next/static/chunks/11e7j_ay4kwvt.js","/_next/static/chunks/2h5jxdhegc4re.js","/_next/static/chunks/0-3t5fzt10ckw.js","/_next/static/chunks/1sws_omw6dldt.js","/_next/static/chunks/44cbuwitvfzoh.js","/_next/static/chunks/17xvbrzdbmxg1.js","/_next/static/chunks/2-hdm7-w0l4ww.js","/_next/static/chunks/3o-qto5tdawgi.js","/_next/static/chunks/32wn91t_5u02r.js","/_next/static/chunks/0w61ecx4ym58o.js","/_next/static/chunks/1f0yzqpb74u1n.js","/_next/static/chunks/1dxvmrlyehvlc.js","/_next/static/chunks/3123qvs3tg8f1.js","/_next/static/chunks/3x0hxnadkspk9.js","/_next/static/chunks/1e2g8kf3eyzlf.js","/_next/static/chunks/2aitdtjk6s8o8.js","/_next/static/chunks/0p39f5bgthn6x.js","/_next/static/chunks/37v7km7k5l-a1.js","/_next/static/chunks/3wyut2vdlqxhf.js","/_next/static/chunks/27hgw3nhws1xz.js","/_next/static/chunks/30lid7eq6y7oz.js","/_next/static/chunks/1vuip103l-qvm.js","/_next/static/chunks/332jvrgl3ia6z.js","/_next/static/chunks/3tlhs7rb6z2x3.js","/_next/static/chunks/0eh86kp6qbf8b.js","/_next/static/chunks/1j2568tca3zyf.js","/_next/static/chunks/2b-r1f_2srqxh.js","/_next/static/chunks/1zgcdvq57xbc3.js","/_next/static/chunks/2tsaa4it8rjmb.js","/_next/static/chunks/0u16vg32jexlq.js","/_next/static/chunks/25vni5qklp59l.js","/_next/static/chunks/08uf41xh_i6cz.js","/_next/static/chunks/1uelbvuovbme8.js","/_next/static/chunks/0-wgr71am8eby.js","/_next/static/chunks/05znuxcb85ze1.js","/_next/static/chunks/1xi0ttvf5moed.js","/_next/static/chunks/2dtl0_t5clscp.js","/_next/static/chunks/443erezj2c4iw.js"],"default"] 20:Ta74,{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"LearningResource","name":"The Great Crash, the Great Depression and the New Deal policies, 1920-41\n (a) Explain why there was opposition to the New Deal from the Supreme Court. [10]\n (b) How successful were Roosevelt's attempts to build a New Deal coalition? [20]","description":"The Great Crash, the Great Depression and the New Deal policies, 1920-41\n (a) Explain why there was opposition to the New Deal from the Supreme Court. [10]\n (b) How successful were Roosevelt's attempts to build a New Deal coalition? [20]","learningResourceType":"Practice Question","interactivityType":"active","educationalUse":"assessment","timeRequired":"PT3M","dateCreated":"2026-11-04T13:17:34.934046+00:00","dateModified":"2026-11-04T13:17:35.554208+00:00","educationalLevel":"A Levels","about":"US History","teaches":["Opposition to the New Deal and its legacy","Roosevelt's New Deal policies"],"assesses":"Understanding of Opposition to the New Deal and its legacy, Roosevelt's New Deal policies","credentialCategory":"A Levels US History","educationalAlignment":{"@type":"AlignmentObject","alignmentType":"educationalSubject","targetName":"US History - 2021 - CIE - F/M - 9489/22","educationalFramework":"A Levels"},"isPartOf":{"@type":"Course","name":"A Levels US History","identifier":"F/M - 9489/22","description":"Complete A Levels US History course with practice questions, detailed explanations, and performance tracking.","provider":{"@type":"Organization","name":"SudoStudy","url":"https://sudostudy.com"},"hasCourseInstance":{"@type":"CourseInstance","courseMode":"online","courseWorkload":"PT10H"},"offers":{"@type":"Offer","category":"Premium Access","price":"4.99","priceCurrency":"USD","availability":"http://schema.org/InStock"}},"hasPart":{"@type":"Question","text":"The Great Crash, the Great Depression and the New Deal policies, 1920-41\n (a) Explain why there was opposition to the New Deal from the Supreme Court. [10]\n (b) How successful were Roosevelt's attempts to build a New Deal coalition? [20]"},"provider":{"@type":"Organization","name":"SudoStudy","url":"https://sudostudy.com","logo":"https://sudostudy.com/logo.png","description":"An online learning platform providing practice questions and detailed explanations for A-Level / GCSE subjects"},"associatedMedia":[{"@type":"MediaObject","name":"Question Paper","contentUrl":"https://files.sudostudy.com/question_2021_F_M_9489_22_us_history.pdf","encodingFormat":"application/pdf"},{"@type":"MediaObject","name":"Answer Key","contentUrl":"https://files.sudostudy.com/answer_2021_F_M_9489_22_us_history.pdf","encodingFormat":"application/pdf"}]}22:T517,

The Great Crash, the Great Depression and the New Deal policies, 1920–41

(a) Explain why there was opposition to the New Deal from the Supreme Court.

(b) How successful were Roosevelt’s attempts to build a New Deal coalition?

23:T1694,{ "questionId": "331736", "parts": [ { "partId": "a", "markschemeText": "Explain why there was opposition to the New Deal from the Supreme Court.\n\nThe early twentieth century saw a tradition in the Supreme Court which tended to reject any legislation which was seen as interfering with the working of the free market or private contracts. This was known as ‘the Lochner era’ following a decision in that name in 1905. It was then, perhaps, inevitable that the legislation passed by the Democrat dominated Congress in the 1930s would come into conflict with this doctrine.\n\nThere are two main cases which can be discussed:\n• The Schechter Poultry Corporation vs. United States [1935], in which a unanimous Supreme Court made a judgement which undermined the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933, a crucial New Deal reform, and US vs. Butler [1936], which negated the Agricultural Adjustment Act.\n• These judgements were made by a Supreme Court which contained a group of ‘Four Horsemen’ [of the Apocalypse], all conservative, which a swing judge would often support to ensure a majority in a court of nine judges. The three liberal judges were known as the Three Musketeers.\n\nAccept other valid responses.", "totalMarks": 10, "answerPoints": [ { "type": "", "point": "\n \n

The early twentieth century saw a tradition in the Supreme Court which tended to reject any legislation which was seen as interfering with the working of the free market or private contracts. This was known as ‘the Lochner era’ following a decision in that name in 1905. It was then, perhaps, inevitable that the legislation passed by the Democrat dominated Congress in the 1930s would come into conflict with this doctrine.

There are two main cases which can be discussed:

The Schechter Poultry Corporation vs. United States [1935], in which a unanimous Supreme Court made a judgement which undermined the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933, a crucial New Deal reform, and US vs. Butler [1936], which negated the Agricultural Adjustment Act.
These judgements were made by a Supreme Court which contained a group of ‘Four Horsemen’ [of the Apocalypse], all conservative, which a swing judge would often support to ensure a majority in a court of nine judges. The three liberal judges were known as the Three Musketeers.

Accept other valid responses.

\n ", "marks": 10, "guideline": "" } ] }, { "partId": "b", "markschemeText": "How successful were Roosevelt’s attempts to build a New Deal coalition?\n\nThe 1932 Presidential Election and the 1934 mid-terms gave FDR complete control of Congress and brought together an electoral coalition of voters which was the key to Democratic success for many years to come. These groups included labour unions, liberals, religious, ethnic and racial minorities (Catholics, Jews and Blacks), Southern whites, poor people and those supported by federal relief programmes.\n\nRoosevelt used party machinery in big cities to overcome the relative electoral disadvantage he had in the suburbs and towns. During the 1930s spending by the Works Progress Administration was used to organize groups and give managerial positions to Democrat backers. The 3.5 million voters on relief payrolls during the 1936 election cast 82% percent of their ballots for Roosevelt. The vibrant labour unions, heavily based in the cities, likewise did their utmost for their benefactor, voting 80% for him, as did Irish, Italian and Jewish voters. In all, the nation's 106 cities over 100 000 population voted 70% for FDR in 1936, compared to 59% elsewhere.\n\nIt should also be acknowledged that the coalition was never formally organized and that there were often major political disagreements between groups which supported it. The drop of in middle class voters choosing Roosevelt after the 1937 recession could also be discussed.\n\nAccept other valid responses.", "totalMarks": 20, "answerPoints": [ { "type": "", "point": "\n \n

The 1932 Presidential Election and the 1934 mid-terms gave FDR complete control of Congress and brought together an electoral coalition of voters which was the key to Democratic success for many years to come. These groups included labour unions, liberals, religious, ethnic and racial minorities (Catholics, Jews and Blacks), Southern whites, poor people and those supported by federal relief programmes.

Roosevelt used party machinery in big cities to overcome the relative electoral disadvantage he had in the suburbs and towns. During the 1930s spending by the Works Progress Administration was used to organize groups and give managerial positions to Democrat backers. The 3.5 million voters on relief payrolls during the 1936 election cast 82% percent of their ballots for Roosevelt. The vibrant labour unions, heavily based in the cities, likewise did their utmost for their benefactor, voting 80% for him, as did Irish, Italian and Jewish voters. In all, the nation's 106 cities over 100 000 population voted 70% for FDR in 1936, compared to 59% elsewhere.

It should also be acknowledged that the coalition was never formally organized and that there were often major political disagreements between groups which supported it. The drop of in middle class voters choosing Roosevelt after the 1937 recession could also be discussed.

Accept other valid responses.

\n ", "marks": 20, "guideline": "" } ] } ], "totalMarks": 30 }13:[["$","script",null,{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"$20"}}],["$","$L21",null,{"quiz":"$11:1:props:quiz","question":{"id":331736,"question_type":"LONG_ANSWER_QUESTION","quiz_board":"CIE","difficulty_level":2,"created_at":"2026-11-04T13:17:34.934046+00:00","updated_at":"2026-11-04T13:17:35.554208+00:00","uuid":"a7ba780c-35c6-40d5-9a66-b9305a345090","supported_files":[],"lexical_content":null,"width":null,"height":null,"description":"The Great Crash, the Great Depression and the New Deal policies, 1920-41\n (a) Explain why there was opposition to the New Deal from the Supreme Court. [10]\n (b) How successful were Roosevelt's attempts to build a New Deal coalition? [20]","answer_id":null,"has_numbered_choices":false,"choices_in_body":null,"choices":[],"question_explanations":[],"topic_questions":[{"topic":{"id":9199,"name":"Opposition to the New Deal and its legacy","__typename":"topics"},"__typename":"topic_questions"},{"topic":{"id":9198,"name":"Roosevelt's New Deal policies","__typename":"topics"},"__typename":"topic_questions"}],"board":{"student_data_booklets":[{"subject_id":1,"public_pdf_url":"https://files.sudostudy.com/976939779380c57b67f0192f17e8ae0d.pdf","__typename":"student_data_booklets"},{"subject_id":2,"public_pdf_url":"https://files.sudostudy.com/1a9e5bbd80542eb4b315c57ed1efd765.pdf","__typename":"student_data_booklets"}],"__typename":"quiz_boards"},"parent_question":null,"__typename":"questions"},"questionNumber":2,"questionHtml":"$undefined","isLatestExam":false,"examBoard":"CIE","excludedParts":[],"longQuestionData":{"questions":[{"id":331736,"uuid":"a7ba780c-35c6-40d5-9a66-b9305a345090","body":{"html":"$22","metadata":"$23"},"quiz_board":"CIE","subject_id":59,"difficulty_level":2,"topic_questions":[{"topic":{"id":9199,"name":"Opposition to the New Deal and its legacy","__typename":"topics"},"__typename":"topic_questions"},{"topic":{"id":9198,"name":"Roosevelt's New Deal policies","__typename":"topics"},"__typename":"topic_questions"}],"quiz_questions":[{"question_number":2,"quiz":{"id":63431,"question_pdf":"https://files.sudostudy.com/question_2021_F_M_9489_22_us_history.pdf","answer_pdf":"https://files.sudostudy.com/answer_2021_F_M_9489_22_us_history.pdf","insert_paper_pdf":null,"paper_code":"F/M - 9489/22","year":2021,"data_files":null,"pre_release_materials":null,"__typename":"quizzes"},"__typename":"quiz_questions"}],"board":{"student_data_booklets":[{"subject_id":1,"public_pdf_url":"https://files.sudostudy.com/976939779380c57b67f0192f17e8ae0d.pdf","__typename":"student_data_booklets"},{"subject_id":2,"public_pdf_url":"https://files.sudostudy.com/1a9e5bbd80542eb4b315c57ed1efd765.pdf","__typename":"student_data_booklets"}],"__typename":"quiz_boards"},"__typename":"questions"}]}}]] 16:null 1a:[["$","title","0",{"children":"The Great Crash, the Great Depression and the New Deal po..."}],["$","meta","1",{"name":"description","content":"The Great Crash, the Great Depression and the New Deal policies, 1920-41\n (a) Explain why there was opposition to the New Deal from the Supreme Court. [10..."}],["$","meta","2",{"name":"keywords","content":"A Levels,US History,CIE,2021,F/M - 9489/22,Opposition to the New Deal and its legacy,Roosevelt's New Deal policies,practice questions,exam preparation"}],["$","meta","3",{"property":"og:title","content":"The Great Crash, the Great Depression and the New Deal po..."}],["$","meta","4",{"property":"og:description","content":"The Great Crash, the Great Depression and the New Deal policies, 1920-41\n (a) Explain why there was opposition to the New Deal from the Supreme Court. [10..."}],["$","meta","5",{"property":"og:url","content":"https://sudostudy.com/quiz/63431/questions/2"}],["$","meta","6",{"property":"og:site_name","content":"SudoStudy"}],["$","meta","7",{"property":"og:type","content":"website"}],["$","meta","8",{"name":"twitter:card","content":"summary"}],["$","meta","9",{"name":"twitter:title","content":"The Great Crash, the Great Depression and the New Deal po..."}],["$","meta","10",{"name":"twitter:description","content":"The Great Crash, the Great Depression and the New Deal policies, 1920-41\n (a) Explain why there was opposition to the New Deal from the Supreme Court. [10..."}]]

2021 - F/M - 9489/22 | Q2

Question (2/2)