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Explanations may centre on economic expansion during the war and in the post war period and the long-term movement away from mass production and agriculture to a more diversified economy with more opportunities in the service industry and consumer products. There were more employment opportunities – though not uniformly through society or regions. The growth in suburbs and the availability of cheap motor transport and the general hopes of the post war world bolstered by a belief in capitalism and ‘The American Dream’ led to a desire for improvement and mobility. Underlying this was an expansion in education for the poor and for women though less marked in terms of college. There was greater demand for skilled work and white-collar work and more encouragement for progress by large scale corporations offering a structure for promotions and improvements. Incentives to work hard were provided by greater consumer spending and a culture which stressed the rewards open to self- improvement. Underpinning this were significant initiatives from the US state in the form of post-war programs for veterans, of whom there were more than 10 million. These programs were instrumental in creating post-industrial America, by promoting a class of suburban professionals. There were three programs that were critical: The GI Bill, which allowed veterans to go to college after the war, becoming professionals frequently several notches above their parents. It provided federally guaranteed mortgages to veterans, allowing low and no down payment mortgages and low interest rates to graduates of publicly funded universities. The federally funded Interstate Highway System, which made access to land close to, but outside of cities easier, enabling both the dispersal of populations on inexpensive land (which made single-family houses possible) and, later, the dispersal of business to the suburbs. Corporations provided long-term employment to the middle class. It was not unusual to spend your entire life working for one. Working for a corporation, you received yearly pay increases, either as a union or non-union worker. The middle class had both job security and rising income, along with retirement and other benefits. Thus, economic expansion, a culture of individual improvement, key federal measures, greater education, and greater expectation and the emergence of civil rights groups might be considered and weighed.

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